Science Fact

Animal Facts Check out these fun animal facts for kids and learn more about cats, dogs, insects, birds, whales, horses, sharks and much more. Children will love the cool animal related facts.
Planet Facts Read some amazing facts about the planets in our solar system. Learn about gas giants such as Jupiter and Saturn as well information about closer planets like Venus and Mars.
Human Body Facts Check out these fun human body facts for kids and find out more about bones, skeletons, eyes, blood, muscles, the brain, heart and other amazing parts of the human body.
Chemistry Facts Be amazed by these fun chemistry facts for kids while learning about atoms, gases, liquids, solids, chemicals and experiments. Children will love the weird chemistry related facts.
Water Facts Read our range of amazing water facts and discover why water is so important to life on Earth. Learn about ice, steam, rivers, drinking water, pollution, the water cycle and much more.
Weather Facts Enjoy these cool weather facts that will teach you more about exciting weather and climate related topics such as lightning, snow, record temperatures, tornadoes and tropical cyclones.
Electricity Facts Check out these shocking electricity facts that cover circuits, solar power generation, electric eels, wind power, positive and negative charges, currents, volts and everything in between.
Health Facts Learn about important health topics that affect the lives of people around the world. Read facts about allergies, obesity, exercise, disease, cancer, medicine, clean water and more.
Fire Facts What does fire need in order to burn? What do we use fire for? How hot is a candle flame? Find out the answers to these questions and much more with our range of fire facts.
Science Careers Read about different types of scientists with our facts and information related to science careers. Find out what kind of jobs you can get after studying science at school and university.
Plant Facts Be amazed by the world of plants. Learn about the venus flytrap, trees, flowers, poison ivy, photosynthesis, shrubs and herbs as well as other interesting processes and strange species.
Energy Facts Harness the power of energy with our fun facts that will teach you about kinetic energy, elastic potential energy, joules, calories, motion, nuclear energy, geothermal energy and more.
Flight Facts Enjoy a range or awesome facts related to flight. Learn about different types of aircraft, how planes fly, when the Wright Brothers first took off, which animals can fly and much more.
Funny Facts Laugh at these funny science facts for kids. Children will love the cool, crazy, strange, funny, weird, odd and bizarre information as well as did you know facts and other amusing info.
Sports Science Facts Learn about sports science with our cool facts. Understand how sports equipment, technology, physics, exercise and injuries relate to sports such as golf, tennis and baseball.
Nature Facts Check out a range of awesome nature facts. Learn about giant flowers, dangerous plants, amazing animals, oceans, volcanoes, recycling, global warming and the natural environment.
Math Facts Have fun learning about math with these awesome facts for kids. Enjoy trivia related to amazing numbers, crazy shapes, golden ratios and much more.

Science Facts

Facts 1 – 5

1. There are 62,000 miles of blood vessels in the human body – laid end to end they would circle the earth 2.5 times

2. At over 2000 kilometers long, The Great Barrier Reef is the largest living structure on Earth

3. The risk of being struck by a falling meteorite for a human is one occurrence every 9,300 years

4. A thimbleful of a neutron star would weigh over 100 million tons

5. A typical hurricane produces the energy equivalent of 8,000 one megaton bombs

Facts 6 – 10

6. Blood sucking hookworms inhabit 700 million people worldwide

7. The highest speed ever achieved on a bicycle is 166.94 mph, by Fred Rompelberg

8. We can produce laser light a million times brighter than sunshine

9. 65% of those with autism are left handed

10. The combined length of the roots of a Finnish pine tree is over 30 miles

SKEMA JAWAPAN (SPM) : Microorganisms

CHAPTER 1: MICROORGANISMS

1) (a)    An antibiotic is a substance which forms a clear area on the nutrient agar surface.

    (b) (i) type of antibiotic

         (ii) the size of clear area

    (c) B

    (d)   The stronger the effect of antibiotic, the bigger the size of clear area

2) (a) A vaccine is a liquid which consists of weak or dead pathogen

(b) (i) to destroy pathogen

     (ii) White blood cells / lymphocyte

     (iii) Antibody produces in the first injection is not sufficient.

(c) Hepatitis A / Hepatitis B / tuberculosis / Poliomyelitis

(d) Active artificial immunity

3) (a) Heat : 

1 : Boiling in water at 100º C for 6 hours

2 : Heating for 15 minutes in the autoclave at 121º C

Chemical :

1: Antiseptic applied on injured skin to prevent reproduction of pathogen

2: Disinfectant used in cleaning and mopping.

(b) 

Mosquito transfers pathogen to human

Fly transfers pathogen to the food and food is eaten by human       

Mosquito and fly carry the pathogen from a patient to a healthy person

Example : Rat                   Not examples : Ant, Bee

The vector is an animal that carries the pathogen from a patient to a healthy person

SKEMA JAWAPAN (SPM) : Light, Colour And Sight

Light, colour and sight

1.  a.  i.  What is meant by primary colour.

           

            Primary colour are colours that cannot be obtained by adding two or more     colours

           ii.  List all the primary colour.

            Red, green, blue.

b.  i.  P and Q are two different filters.  For each pairs of filters stated below, state the  

    colours observed on the screen.

	Filter P	Filter Q	Light colour on the screen
i	Red	Green	No light in transmitted
ii	Yellow	Green	Green
iii	Yellow	Magenta	Red
iv	Cyan	magenta	Blue

  c.  State the variables in this experiment.

      Control variable:         White light

      Responding variable:  Light colour on the screen

      Manipulated variable: Filter P and filter Q

2. Name one secondary colour.

Yellow//magenta//cyan

Section B

                       

2. i.      a.  X:Green

b.  Y:Yellow

c.       Z:Red

      ii.  A girl wearing a red dress and a blue skirt is standing in the region X.  What is

     the colour appearing on the girl’s:

a.  dress:Black                                                 b.  Skirt:Black

     iii.  The girl now moves to region Y.  What colour appears on her

   a.  dress:Red                                                            b.  Skirt:Black

    iv.   Finally she moves to region Z.  What is the colour that appear pn her

a.  dress:Red                                                   b.  Skirt:Black

v.       She change her dress to one of different colour and her dress appears black in

           region X, Y, and Z.  What is the colour of her new dress.

          Blue.

Section C

1. a.  Suggest a hypothesis to investigate the above statement.

 Red light is scattered the most by the dust particles

      b.  Aim:     To investigate the scattering of light by milk particles

           

            Variables:

            Fixed   :           the angle and intensity of white light shining on the milk

            Manipulated:   the amount of milk particles in the milk solution

            Responding:    reddish appearance on the white screen

List of apparatus and materials:  projector, transparent aquarium, milk and water,

black  cardboard with a hole in the centre, white screen, a  glass rod.

            Procedure:

1.      The projector is switch on and light is shone on the aquarium containing water.

2.      The projector and the screen are adjusted until light appears on the screen.  The colour of the light that falls on the white screen is observed.

3.      Some milk is added into the water.  The water is stirred slowly with a glass rod.  The colour of the light that falls on the white screen is observed.

4.      Step 3 is repeated with more milk added to the water.

Tabulation of data:

Solution in aquarium	Appearance of light on the white screen
Water only
Some milk is added to the water
More milk is added to the water

SKEMA JAWAPAN (SPM) : Electronic And Information And Communication System

CHAPTER 8 : ELECTRONIC AND INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

1  (a) the voltage of source of current

(b) source of current

(c) the bulb lighted up continuously when the switch is on

(d) capacitor allows alternate current to flow through it but prevents direct current to flow through it

(e) flow the unwanted radio signal to earth

2) (a) (i)  Intelsat I, Intelsat II, Intelsat III

(ii) It can cover communication system of all places of the world

(b) (i) It is a satellite that orbits round the earth in the same direction and velocity as the Earth's rotation

(ii) The satellite is always on the same spot above the earth

(c) Build an earth satellite station in a suitable place in the country

(d) weather forecast / research / navigation

3)(a) (i) Long Wave / Medium Wave

        (ii)The wave is easily diffracted

   (b) Ionosphere

   (c) Method B

   (d) (i)  Very High Frequency / Ultra High Frequency / Microwave

        (ii) It has high  frequency and is not reflected by the ionosphere

SKEMA JAWAPAN (SPM) : Carbon Compound

CHAPTER 4 : CARBON COMPOUND

1 (a) (i) the concentration / volume of glucose solution / size of conical flask

(ii) presence of yeast

(b)

Set	Solution in the conical flask	Lime water
A	Cloudy solution and smell of alcohol	Cloudy
B	Solution clear and no smell of alcohol	Clear

(c) Yeast is needed in the preparation of ethanol / carbon dioxide is released in the process of fermentation.

2) (a) P

(b)  Extraction

(c)  (i) to kill the microorganisms

(ii)  to soften the oil palm fruits in order for them to detach from the bunch easily

(d) Vitamin A / vitamin E

(e)  To produce biogas / to produce fertilizers

3) (a)   

	Butter	Margarine
Sources	animal	Plant
Structure of atom	Saturated fat with single bond between carbon atom	Unsaturated fat with at least one double bond between the carbon atom
Physical properties	Solid at room temperature	Liquid at room temperature
Effect on health	Increase level of cholesterol	Decrease level of cholesterol

(b)

·         Low density cholesterol in the blood is slightly high.

·         Low density cholesterol deposits on gall bladder as gall bladder stones

·         Low density cholesterol deposits on the insides of the wall of the artery may cause high blood pressure, heart disease, arteriosclerosis and coronary thrombosis

·         Use margarine in making the cake and cookies

·         Add fiber, fruits and, vegetables such as carrot into the cake

·         Eg: Apple cake, Carrot cake

SKEMA JAWAPAN SAINS (SPM) : Body Coordination

BODY COORDINATION

SECTION B

1.         (a)        (i) X: Sensory neurone

                                         Y: Interneurone/relay neurone

                                          Z: Motor neurone

(ii) To transfer nerve impulses from the sensory neurone to the motor  

      neurone

            (b)        (i)         Synapse

                        (ii)        Electrical impulse

(c)      No reflex action will occur

(d)     (i)      reflex action

(ii)     Spinal cord

2.         (a)        Cerebrum

                                    Controls all the voluntary action and mental action

                                    Cerebellum

                                    Regulates body movement, maintains posture and balance

                                    Medulla oblongata

                                    Controls involuntary action

            (b)        To increase the surface area of the cerebrum so that there can be more

                        neurons in it

            (c)        carries out reflex action

3.         (a)        (i)         X is thyroid gland

                        (ii)        The rate of metabolism in the body slows down

            (b)        (i)         Y is ovary

                        (ii)        Controls the development of female secondary sexual characteristics

            (c)        (i)         Overproduction of human growth hormone

                        (ii)        Pituitary gland

SECTION C

1.  (a) The differences between voluntary actions and involuntary actions

Voluntary action	Involuntary action
Responces are controlled by the cerebrum	Responces are controlled by the medulla oblongata
Actions are under conscious control	Actions cannot be controlled by the conscious mind
The response can be sped up or slow down	The response is usually fast
The actions are controlled by the somatic nervous system	The actions are controlled by the autonomic nervous system
Receive stimuli from the external environment through the skin	Receive stimuli from the internal organ

(b) Identify two common charcteristics

• These actions occur rapidly and automatically when triggered by a stimulus
• These actions are not under our conscious control

Develop initial concept

• Rapid, automatic responses to stimuli that can protect the body and which are not under our conscious control are reflex action

Give othe examples

• Removing the finger from the sharp pin
• Closing eyelids or blinking when a fast moving object approaches the eye
• Coughing when something blocks the air passage

Give other non examples in relation to the concept

• Writing, dancing, eating, cooking

Explain the actual concept

• A reflex action is a rapid  automatic response to a stimulus and it is not under our conscious control and can protect the body from harm in critical situation.